Racial Segregation And The Black Girl Essay - 2265 Words

What does it mean to you to be a black girl? If you aren’t one, what do you see when you visualize a black girl? If your imagination limits you to just an afro-centric featured, loud and slang-loving, uneducated woman, then this piece is addressed to you. The persistence of the stereotypes concerning average black girls have chained us all to the earlier listed attributes. One side effect of this dangerous connection is the wide opening for a new form of discrimination it creates. Whether it is depicted through slave owners allocating the preferable duties to lighter-skinned black woman, or in modern times where a dislike in rap music categorizes you as not really black, segregation within black communities occur. Tracing all the way back to elementary school, my education on the subject of racial segregation has been constricted to just the injustices routed by dissimilarities between racial groups. What failed to be discussed was the intragroup discrimination occurring in th e black society from both outside observers and inside members. Unfortunately, our differences in the level of education, in physical appearance, and in our social factors such as our behaviour, personality or what we believe in have been pitted against each other to deny the variety of unique identities that we as black individuals carry. Throughout my life, I have dealt with unfounded accusations questioning the grounds as to which my skin belongs to me. I have heard phrases such as, â€Å"you are notShow MoreRelatedComing of Age in Mississippi and Segregation Essay1304 Words   |  6 Pagesduring the rise of the Civil Rights movement. Life during this time embraced segregation, which made life for African Americans rough. As an African American woman growing up during the Civil Rights movement, Moody has a unique story on themes like work and racial consciousness present during this time. Moody’s position as an African American woman provides a unique insight into these themes through her story. As a little girl, Moody would sit on the porch of her house watch her parents go to work.Read MoreCivil Rights/Secret Life of Bees986 Words   |  4 PagesBridget Baker Mrs. McQuade Period 2 4/10/12 Racial Discrimination and Segregation In 1619 the very first African Americans arrived in America, coming over for the purpose of forced slavery. It’s been nearly four hundred years since then and African Americans are still not treated completely equal. But throughout the years major steps towards equality have been made and as a whole the United States is close to reaching this goal. The first key action taken was abolishing slavery in 1865, butRead MoreA Story of Race and a Forbidden Love1028 Words   |  5 Pageswrong but the most pronounced one is the racial segregation. Even though certain races are perceived as inferior to some, there should be no such thing because we all need to work together to make the planet a better place and lives are ruined over racial this segregation. The theme of this story is about tough choices and racial divides. Throughout the story you have mention of how segregated they are. The white boy lives in the farm house while the black girl and the rest of the help live in a kraalRead MoreSegregation in the 1970s1580 Words   |  7 Pagesdivide people amongst two factions: White or Black. Envision a society segregated. Whites and Blacks tossed into two different worlds, as if mankind is a pile of dirty laundry which needs to be organized by color. The reality is this hypothetical world did in fact exist in the United States prior to the 1970s. Racial segregation is a vastly recognized branch of social stratification in American history. Jeannette Walls was a witness of the effects of segregation. She was born on April 21st, 1960 in PhoenixRead MoreRacial Segregation and Prejudice in ZZ Packers Brownies1093 Words   |  5 PagesThe short story, â€Å"Brownies† is written by author, ZZ Packer. It surrounds a group of African American Brownie girls in the fourth grade who journey to a campsite situated near the suburbs of Atlanta, Georgia, called Camp Crescendo. On the trip, they encounter another brownie group comprised of white girls, all of who are mentally handicapped. â€Å"Brownies† is told from a first person involved point of view, through a Brownie member from the African American troop, named Laurel. Because the story takesRead MoreSegregation in the 1970s855 Words   |  4 Pagespeople amongst two factions: White or Black. Envision society segregated. Whites and Blacks tossed into two different worl ds, as if mankind is a pile of dirty laundry which needs to be organized by color. The reality is this hypothetical world did in fact exist in the United States prior to the 1970s. Racial segregation is one of the most recognized branches of social stratification in American history. Jeannette Walls was a witness of the effects of segregation. She was born on April 21, 1960 in PhoenixRead MoreRace in Recitatif792 Words   |  4 Pagesput in a shelter. Race can change what a person’s motives are viewed as. Racial stereotyping and racial segregation play a big part in this story. Twyla and Roberta are of a different race/ethnicity which causes strife between the two and they have different opinion on things. It never truly states either characters race, but it says that they look like â€Å"salt and pepper†, indicating that one is white and one is black. Race affects a lot of things in any situation, no matter how much we wantRead MoreBlack Boys And Girls Holding Hands With Little Brown Vs. Board Of Education1663 Words   |  7 PagesSupreme Court just confirmed that segregation in schools is now unconstitutional under the law. Dr. King’s dream of â€Å"little black boys and girls holding hands with little white boys and girls† is now a promising reality for children across America. The laws that once denied colored children and white children from co-learning were no longer allowed to legally stand after May 17, 1954. However, it is currently 2016, approximately sixty-two years after segregation in schools as unconstitutional, yetRead MoreFreedom And African American History Essay1680 Words   |  7 Pagesserious one. Racial segregation is a deep-rooted social p roblem, which reflects in every field in the United States. For example, education, labor market and criminal justice system. In the aspect of education, most of black children were not permitted to enter the school, because the white children studied there. In the aspect of labor market, the black people s average wages were lower than the whites. They did the manual work. In the aspect of criminal justice system, the blacks were easily inRead MoreBrownies, by ZZ Packer Essay1209 Words   |  5 Pagesshort story occur at Camp Crescendo, Packer is able to expand (and parallel) this struggle for identity beyond the camp’s walls and into the racially segregated society that both the girls and their families come from. Packer is exploring how an individual’s inherent need for group inclusion consequently fuels segregation and prejudice against those outside the group across various social and societal stratums. Although unaware of the catalytic events that have occurred until much later in the story

Characterization Of The Narrator Cathedral - 916 Words

Characterization of the Narrator in â€Å"Cathedral† In the short story â€Å"Cathedral†, written by Raymond Carver, the story is told through the narrator’s eyes as the audience gains insight on his perspective of his life and, more specifically, his views on his wife and her blind friend. The narrator’s name is never mentioned throughout the story, but his personality and initial narrow-minded bias towards his wife’s friend Robert depicts his character traits. Throughout the story he does not seem to change his views, but once he experiences Robert’s point of view in his life, the narrator changes his perspective. This suggests the narrator is a dynamic character in the story due to his change after getting to know Robert. The story opens with the narrator giving a background of his wife and Robert. Immediately, it is easy for the audience to form a negative opinion about the narrator. Within the first paragraph of the story he says,  "I wasn’t enthusiastic about his visit. He was no one I knew. And his being blind bothered me† (Carver 33). This exemplifies his pre-formed opinion about Robert even though he hardly knows anything about him. He clearly is uncomfortable with the fact that Robert is blind, mainly based on his lack of exposure to people with disabilities. The narrator is very narrow-minded for most of this story, making it easy to initially dislike him. As the story progresses, the narrator appears incredibly cynical about nearly everything that is going on aroundShow MoreRelatedThe Cathedral By Raymond Carver Essay937 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"Cathedral† Born on May 25, 1938 in Clatskanie, Oregon, Raymond Carver was destined to be a writer. He was a son of a sawmill worker and grew up working hard majority of his life. He married year after he finished high school and had two children with his wife at the time. He raised and supported his children with normal working class jobs such as delivering, janitorial and gas station services. Carver discovered his interest in writing after taking a creative writing course in collegeRead MoreEssay on Cathedral by Raymond Carver1290 Words   |  6 PagesThe story of Cathedral, by Raymond Carver, shows that you do not have to see someone or something in order to appreciate them for who or what they are. It is about a husband, the narrator, and his wife who live in a house. The wife, whose name they do not mention, has a very close friend who is blind. His name is Robert. Roberts wife dies, and comes to their house to spend a couple of days with the narrator and his wife. The narrator, whose n ame they do not mention as well, is always on edge becauseRead MoreThe Cask Of Amontillado, By Edgar Allan Poe1776 Words   |  8 PagesThe purpose of the short stories â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado†, â€Å"El Tonto del Barrio†, and â€Å"Cathedral† is to explore the concepts of prominence in religion driven by symbolism, characterization, and theme used to manipulated the reader’s analytical views. Christianity plays an imperative role on all three short stories by the author’s through their descriptive scenarios symbolizing a religious ideology. Edgar Allan Poe’s use of religion as a hidden message in â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† is portrayed throughRead MoreThe Meaning Behind Seeing By Raymond Carver1767 Words   |  8 PagesThe Meaning Behind Seeing In the short story â€Å"Cathedral† by Raymond Carver, there is a very insightful message spoken about the true definitions between having sight and being able to see. The story focuses on three characters, and they each have emotions connected to one another, whether it be trust, jealousy or compassion. These characters include a blind man named Robert, the narrator who is unnamed in the story, and his wife who also does not receive a name for the story line. Each of theseRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Alice Walker, Flannery O Connor, And Raymond Carver1831 Words   |  8 Pagesof women within the family unit. All three short stories use different elements such as characterization, conflict, plot, symbolism and tone, but while Alice Walker and Raymond Carver present â€Å"normal† family relationships, Flannery O’Connor presents a family relationship with â€Å"abnormal† behaviors. Alice Walker tried to use aspects of real life and incorporate them into her short story as well as characterization to depict an encounter between the women of the family. Almost immediately as the storyRead MoreCritical Analysis Of The Wife Of Bath1521 Words   |  7 Pagesoutside of being a wife and mother. â€Å"The Wife of Bath’s Tale† provides one of the most intriguing medieval cultural insights to gender studies. The reader joins a pilgrimage with the Canterbury Tale’s most audacious and sexually unrestricted female narrators who also gives a personal account of the conflicts women faced in Medieval England. The complexities, ambiguities and wit of his characters allows Chaucer to evoke humor in this tale, while displaying a sensitivity and varying perspectives to theRead MoreAnalysis Of Anthony Trollope s The Warden 1709 Words   |  7 Pagesthis story of conscience and morality in Victorian England. Money is also at the heart of the conflict: should Septimus Harding receive 800 pounds a year for his position as warden of a local charitable institution? Harding, the precentor of the cathedral in Barchester, is awarded the position of warden hand in hand with the precentorship, following tradition. When the local reformer John Bold takes legal action against the charitable institution, Harding is prompted to reconsider his position, inRead MoreHistory Notes3525 Words   |  15 Pagesfeelings and memories does Hester experience as she stands on the scaffold? a.Childhood memories, sports, gravest memories. She was able to see the tract of her life, native village in England, father, mother, pale and deformed man, tall houses and cathedrals, Puritan town 5.Keep track of the people involved in the scaffold scene. There will be two more scaffold scenes in the novel. Keep track of when these scenes occur. Chapter 3 1.What person does Hester recognize? What detailsRead MoreManners in Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen3437 Words   |  14 Pagesrecreates the social world of the landed gentry of early 19th-century England and embodies the theme that preconceptions and egotism can overcome true love. Pride and Prejudice is somewhat autobiographical; emphasizes the key elements of setting, characterization and theme; and has received extensive and thorough criticism. Pride and Prejudice focuses on Mrs. Bennet and her five daughters: Jane, Elizabeth, Lydia, Kitty, and Mary. Mrs. Bennet, determined that each of her daughters will marry rich, isRead MoreEssay about The Crying of Lot 493748 Words   |  15 Pagesitself a mere conduit for Inveraritys threat.A phone call again intrudes with Dr. Hilariuss threatening (and perhaps obscene, considering that he is attempting to seduce Oedipa into joining his Bridge project) early a.m. harangue.Later on, the narrator speaks of the dispossessed of this country as those who might snatch naps curled in linemens tents midst the phone networks web. The television is, however, clearly the prime culprit here.Whereas telephones at least direct their signals,

Life Styles †Leadership and Organizational Free Essays

Life Styles Inventory   – Leadership and Organizational Behavior Professor Carr Nov 5th, 2011 My primary personal thinking styles as shown in my circumplex are: Affiliative, Achievement, and Self-Actualizing. For all 3 of these, I placed in the 90th percentile. My backup style is perfectionist in which I scored at the 69th percentile. We will write a custom essay sample on Life Styles – Leadership and Organizational or any similar topic only for you Order Now Both work and in life, I feel I am strong when it comes to commitment and to making and keeping satisfying relationships. This would explain my high score in the affiliative style. I would say that I tend to maintain positive relationships with atleast 90-95% of those whom I work with and also those outside of work. Although the description is quite accurate in that teamwork and cooperation are important to me, I feel that there are times that I just need to pull away from people in order to get my work accomplished. In working in the quality assurance and testing department, my high score in achievement hits the mark. I tend to be very high-quality oriented or highly challenging projects/tasks. I don’t take no for an answer and I don’t quit til I find an answer. I never put a cap of what I can do nor what I can achieve. I am usually very competitive and generally need to be the BEST in everything. One important aspect of the achievement style is that I understand the benefits of giving and asking for honest feedback. Everyone needs an unbiased on their performance a few times a year. Its crucial that we are open to receiving both positive and negative feedback. It is just as important to help others and to provide timely feedback as well. In addition to achievement, perfectionist also makes sense due to my background. It is extremely important that when I sign off on something as tested and ready for production, there are no mistakes and that I’ve planned for every possible situation and tested it. Inside and outside of work, I feel I am self-sufficient. I realize that everyone has their own level of dependency, whether it be on their manager/team lead or their spouse/partner. I am open to varying styles and personalities. I rarely get stressed or overwhelmed nor do I tend to get derailed when negative situations arise. I completely agree with all the adjectives used to describe a self- actualizing person. Within the aggressive/defensive styles portion of the circiumplex, I rec’d a high score in perfectionist. . Identify your limiting style: Identify and illustrate one style you think might be working against you to reduce your overall effectiveness. Name the style you have chosen, make a few remarks about why you are choosing this style as limiting your professional effectiveness in organizations. Select one behavior associated with this style that you think you would like to change and the difference it will make. Be sure to support your interpretation with examples, etc. LSI Style Interpretations: Go to the LSI1 Results page, find your circumplex profile, and click on the circumplex â€Å"slice† of one of the styles. The site will bring you to a customized interpretation of the style you clicked on. Click on each of the 12 â€Å"slices† to see all of the customized style description pages. What impact do your personal styles have on your management style? Explore and assess the impact of your personal styles on your effectiveness as a manager in terms of the four functions of management: a. Planning; b. Organizing; c. Leading; and d. Controlling. Conclusion Critically evaluate and explain on how you developed the personal styles that were revealed in your LSI. What role, for example, did family relationships, school, organizational memberships, culture, etc. have in shaping your personal style? Think about your LSI results and your responses to the above questions. Summarize any concluding comments. Close your paper with a statement of at least one question or goal you hope your work in GM591 will help you to address and comment with a few sentences to describe the value of this exercise to your personal and professional development. Please note: The LSI Self-Development Guide is integrated into the LSI1 Participant account, and is available after you complete the LSI Survey and have access to your results. In-depth and personalized style descriptions can be found by clicking on the style â€Å"slices† of the circumplex. For example, if you would like to learn more about the Humanistic-Encouraging style (Style 1), you simply click on the circumplex â€Å"slice† for that style. The same goes for the other 11 styles. You can find the Challenge of Change  and the Self-Improvement Plan information by using two of the additional links that become available in you LSI online account after the survey is complete. These links are â€Å"The Challenge of Change† and â€Å"Your Self-Improvement Plan. † Good luck with the exercise! A higher Achievement (11 o’clock position) score signals a healthy concern for task accomplishment, and therefore balances well with the more people-oriented characteristics of Affiliative. Having higher scores for both styles represents an effective approach to life, with equal concerns for tasks and people. Your Perfectionistic (10 o’clock position) score can be affected by your Achievement score. Achievers are successful in part because they are careful to set personal goals that are realistic and attainable. Perfectionists are motivated by a need to produce flawless results in an effort to be â€Å"perfect,† and typically set themselves up for failure by establishing unrealistic goals that are impossible to accomplish. [pic]While the perfectionist’s drive is strongly associated with the development of stress symptoms, the achiever is, for the most part, insulated from the damaging effects of stress. How to cite Life Styles – Leadership and Organizational, Essay examples

National Bureau of Money and Banking †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the National Bureau of Money and Banking. Answer: Introduction: The three main attributes of the yield curve i.e. level, steepness and curvature affects the fixed income instruments in the long run. The rate of interest is affected by various common factors. These three factors are responsible for 95% variation in the yield curve. There is a direct relation between the volatility in the interest rate and the shape of the yield curve. The curvature of the yield curve is described as butterfly portfolio and it carries a long position in the maturity of the bond. The slope of the yield curve depends on the future changes in risk premium as well as interest rate in the short run. The slope of curvature may vary as there is volatility in the short run across different time periods. In certain cases, the curvature and the slope of the yield curve depends on the rate of volatility in the short run. (Litterman and Scheinkman 1991). When the yield curve is steeper, there is higher interest rate volatility. If the economy experiences level shock", there wi ll be change in the maturity by the same amount. This will change the level of the yield curve. Moreover, if the economy experiences shock in the "slope", it will increase the interest rate in the short term by a larger amount than in the long run. The yield curve will become less steep and the slope of the yield curve decreases. If the economy experiences shock in the "curvature", it will affect the medium term interest rates and the yield curve will become hump shaped. The steepness factor does not correspond to the normal changes as in the case of normal steep curve but it is the main factor which affects the interest rate to a large extent than the other factors (Chen and Tsang 2013). The yield curve depicts the yield of the U.S. treasury bills, bonds, notes in systematic order from short term maturity to long term maturity. The slope of the yield curve reflects the short term interest rate of the bond market. It gives a reflection of the various kinds of economic activities and the level of inflation in the near future. It is very important to analyze the slope of the yield curve. In case of Australia and Netherland, it can be seen that the shape of the curve is upward rising i.e. it is moving from left to right. This upward rising slope indicates that the yields from bond increases with maturity. The upward rising shape of the yield curve is seen under normal circumstances. In such a case, the investors believes that there are no important changes in the economy i.e. any inflationary condition will not affect the economy and the economy will grow at a normal rate. In such a situation, the investors will accept higher amount of yield for the income instruments wi th longer maturity rates. The long term income securities will thus bear higher yield than the short term securities. Sometimes, the yield curve also slopes downward. (Chinn and Kucko 2015). There is also a case of flattening of the yield curve in both the economies and this happens when the short term rates are increasing at a much faster rate than the long term rates. This indicates that the economy of both the countries is growing at a much slower rate and the investors are at a riskier position. The yield curve also helps in predicting the recession in an economy. The recessions in both the economies may also lead to an inverted yield curve. Thus, it can be said that the yield curve can help in the financial decisions in the economy (Greenwood, Hanson and Vayanos 2015). Reference List Chen, Y.C. and Tsang, K.P., 2013. What does the yield curve tell us about exchange rate predictability?.Review of Economics and Statistics,95(1), pp.185-205. Chinn, M. and Kucko, K., 2015. The predictive power of the yield curve across countries and time.International Finance,18(2), pp.129-156. Greenwood, R., Hanson, S. and Vayanos, D., 2015.Forward guidance in the yield curve: short rates versus bond supply(No. w21750). National Bureau of Economic Research. Litterman, R.B. and Scheinkman, J., 1991. Common factors affecting bond returns.The Journal of Fixed Income,1(1), pp.54-61.

Cuba The Plight Of A Nation And Its Revolution Essays -

Cuba: The Plight Of A Nation And Its Revolution Cuba: The Plight of a Nation and its Revolution While the isle of Cuba was initially discovered on October 27, 1492 during one of Columbus' first voyages, it wasn't actually claimed by Spain until the sixteenth century. However, it's tumultuous beginnings as a Spanish sugar colony provides an insightful backdrop into the very essence of the country's political and economic unrest. From it's early revolutionary days to the insurrectional challenge of the Marxist-Leninist theories emerged the totalitarian regime under Fidel Castro in present day Cuba. Cuban colonial society was distinguished by the characteristics of colonial societies in general, namely a stratified, inegalitarian class system; a poorly differentiated agricultural economy; a dominant political class made up of colonial officers, the clergy, and the military; an exclusionary and elitist education system controlled by the clergy; and a pervasive religious system.1 Cuba's agrarian monocultural character, economically dependant upon sugar cultivation, production and export severely restricted its potential for growth as a nation, thereby firmly implanting its newly sprouted roots firmly in the trenches of poverty from the very beginning of the country's existence. In 1868, Cuba entered in to The Ten Years' War against Spain in a struggle for independence, but to no avail. Ten years of bitter and destructive conflict ensued, but the goal of independence was not achieved. Political divisions among patriot forces, personal quarrels among rebel military leaders, and the failure of the rebels to gain the backing of the United States, coupled with stiff resistance from Spain and the Cubans' inability to carry the war in earnest to the western provinces, produced a military stalemate in the final stages.2 The war had a devastating effect on an already weak economic and political infrastructure. The defeat, however, did not hinder the resolution of the Cuban proletariat for an independent nation. In the words of one author, The Cubans' ability to wage a costly, protracted struggle against Spain demonstrated that proindependence sentiment was strong and could be manifested militarily. On the other hand, before any effort to terminate Spanish control could succeed, differences over slavery, political organization, leadership, and military strategy had to be resolved. In short, the very inconclusiveness of the war left a feeling that the Cubans could and would resume their struggle until their legitimate political objectives of independence and sovereignty were attained.3 The years following the Ten Years' War were harsh and austere. The countryside, ravaged and desolate, bankrupted Spanish sugar interests in Cuba, virtually destroying the industry. The Spanish owners sold out to North American interests, a process accelerated by the final abolition of slavery in Cuba in 1886.4 The end of slavery, naturally, meant the end of free labor. The sugar growers, therefore, began to import machinery from the United States. Essentially, Cuba deferred its economic dependence from Spain directly to the U.S. What became known as the American Sugar Refining Company supplied from seventy to ninety percent of all sugar consumed by the United States, thus mandating the direction of the Cuban agricultural industry and thereby controlling its economy. Moreover, the United States' interventionism in the Cuban-Spanish war in 1898, motivated primarily by interests in the Cuban market, led the surrender of the Spanish army directly to the United States, not Cuba. This war later became known as the Spanish-American War. The leader and organizer of the Cuban Revolutionary Party, Jose Marti's, goal of true independence was buried without honor in 1898.5 In the years from 1902 to 1959, following the institution of the Platt Amendment, which was an amendment to the Cuban constitution, that stated that the United States had the right to intervene in Cuba at any time, a period which came to be termed the ?Pseudo Republic? ensued. In the words of General Wood: Of course, Cuba has been left with little or no independence by the Platt Amendment...The Cuban Government cannot enter into certain treaties without our consent, nor secure loans above certain limits, and it must maintain the sanitary conditions that have been indicated. With the control that we have over Cuba, a control which, without doubt, will soon turn her into our possession, soon we will practically control the sugar market in the world. I believe that it is a very desirable acquisition for the United States. The island will gradually be ?Americanized,? and in the due course we will have one of the most rich and desirable possessions existing in the entire world...6 The Great Depression however, had a immense impact on United States' holdings of

Middle Ages Transformation to the Early Modern Age

Middle Ages Transformation to the Early Modern Age Free Online Research Papers Many factors contributed to the change from the Middle Ages to the Early Modern Age. It mainly started during the Renaissance and Reformation, when people started question all aspects of life, which formed many new ideas. The new ideas eventually formed a new belief called humanism, which played a very big role in the change. It was first inspired by Greek and Roman art, which was mostly of human beings, meant to be realistic. Leonardo Da Vinci also played a crucial role: he thought about things no one else ever did. Ideas eventually formed theories, such as the Heliocentric Theory. Without ideology, we may have never even figured out that the earth revolved around the sun. Science and technology, another major reason the world changed, could not have had new inventions without ideas. If Galileo never had the thought that the church could be wrong and that Copernicus could be right, he may have never decided to make a telescope to prove that the church was indeed wrong. That gesture alone pushed humanism even further. The church was wrong, meaning that all its teachings were questionable. The printing press could never have made it, if someone didn’t think, â€Å"Wouldn’t it be nice if we didn’t have to copy all these books out by hands?† Protesting (against the church) also came from ideology. Martin Luther came to realize that the church was taking advantage of everyone else dealing with nepotism and selling indulgences. His Ninety-Five Theses started the Reformation which would then turn into the Early Modern Age. Joan of Arc was a living example of protesting; she was a woman but she wore armour and went to battle. King Henry VIII was not allowed to divorce, even though he was the king. In response, he took away the church’s land and made his own church, which of course allowed him to divorce. In conclusion, if ideology didn’t exist, many of the changes that directly affect the world would not have been there. If those changes did no take place, then our very own era may not have even started. Research Papers on Middle Ages’ Transformation to the Early Modern AgeComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeCapital PunishmentQuebec and Canada19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andWhere Wild and West MeetAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2

Statistical Forecasting in Business Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Statistical Forecasting in Business - Term Paper Example On the other hand, regression analysis in business forecasting answers the question â€Å"by how much†. In this regard, both simple and multiple regression analysis shows the relationship between the dependent variable against the independent variables (IV: within subject factors e.g. products differentiation, product prices etc.). A business normally comes up with a model based on its operations and then using the available historical data formulates a regression equation which can be used able to predict the future values. An example of a regression model is shown below;SV = ÃŽ ²0 + ÃŽ ²1P + ÃŽ ²2M+†¦+ ÃŽ ²nXi In this model, ÃŽ ²Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s are the coefficients of the various independent variables and which signifies the amount of dependent variable change (in this case sales volumes), either positive or negative, once one of the independent variable’s changes by a single unit. P, product differentiation, and M, market share, are examples of independent variables. ÃŽ ²n shows that the variables can be as many as possible depending on the business itself. According to Jain, C. L. (2000), business forecasting is normally completed through the application of data mining processes where models are used to predict future using existing/historical data from which business potential if projected based on different business activities as well as transactions. To Jain, the sole purpose of data mining is to establish the presence of predictive criteria which might be present if large volumes of historical data are used.

Employee Assistance Porgram (EAP) Avaiable for the Modern Workplace Research Paper

Employee Assistance Porgram (EAP) Avaiable for the Modern Workplace - Research Paper Example A large number of the employee assistance programs offer training facilities to people owning businesses and the supervisors of these businesses in order to deal and recognize the behavioral crisis inside a workforce. The programs of assisting the employees are not created to grant long term management. According to the Business Week Magazine, the programs give an employee a secure environment for discussing their problems with a particular counselor who in return makes an evaluation that is confidential (S. Philip, 2000). Employee Assistance Program In addition, this evaluation if needed gives a recommendation to a professional of mental wellbeing. The magazine goes on to assert that the owner of a business is supposed to have worries concerning the workers given more value and have good work productivity. Ordinary psychiatric problems take a significant part from abuse of drugs to alcohol infatuation. Yearly, the business cost comes near to three hundred and twelve billion in absen teeism and productivity lost (W. G. Brian, 1997). These employee assistance programs have come out to be important and popular constituents of total advantages packages used for large and small employers who are alike. The employee assistance progressional association affirms that during the late nineteen nineties, there were a close number of twenty thousand employee assistance programs providers that were operating in the United States. They were first designed to respond to the business concerns on the impact to be gotten from an employee drug and alcohol abuse in productivity. Currently, they are planned to deal with various issues that are affecting the modern day workers. The modernized employee assistance programs are created to assist the workers with different problems like stress from depression, marriage and family counseling, financial problems, illness amongst the co workers and crisis organization (W. G. Brian, 1997). A large number of these employee assistance program s have made increased their counseling scope in order to help the workers struggle with the issues concerning eldercare, natural catastrophes, and violence in areas of work. In addition, these programs have increased elements that are proactive to the offering they make. An example is that the employee assistance programs have supported the workplace guidelines and educational efforts of AIDS/HIV. The expansion in the range of employee assistance program is commonly pointed to the United States changes in bigger collective fabric. S. Philip (2000) asserts that changes in technology and demographic changes have assisted in creation of different and new varieties of mental and stress health issues that affect the productivity and health of a large population of the employees in the world. Human beings who have family or personal problems may lack a place to go for an advice than to the advantages the employee assistance program put forward through their places of work. Various compani es have realized that detection of a direct link can be identified amid the productivity and well being of a certain employee. According to W. G. Brian (1997), these companies are also relying on their employees in improving their productivity and their increasing their bottom line despite the advancement of technology in the world. This means that the association existing between the productivity

Political Act Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Political Act - Essay Example He resigned the Yugoslav presidency amid demonstrations, following the disputed presidential election of September 24, 2000. (wikipedia.com). He surrendered to the JSO (an elite group of police in Serbia), to avoid forced arrest in April 1, 2001. This put in compliance with an American deadline. The warrant had previously been made on suspicion of corruption, abuse of power, and embezzlement. The charges were domestic. The legitimacy of the arrest was not proven since Milosevic surrender; however putting Milosevic in jail is not legal. The investigation does not have a hard evidence to convict the former president. The Serbian Prime Minister Milosevic act during the war convicted him for committing war crimes. During the Yugoslav war in 1990 and Kosovo war in 1999 he conducted his own defense at the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, where he stood accused of crimes against humanity, violating the laws or customs of war, grave breaches of the Geneva Conventions and genocide. The decision of the court of not giving him the proper medical treatment is legitimate in the sense that he is convicted of a crime, but the said action is illegal since every person is entitled to have a proper treatment. His trial ended without verdict because he died during the proceedings. He suffered from heart ailments and high blood pressure. In the case of President Milosevic he had made a legitimate act during the war since he is the president; however he violated the laws of war and the Geneva Conventions. The political acts performed by Milosevic are a good example of legitimate act but legal. There are also cases wherein political act is legitimate but it does not necessarily need to be legal. In the case of the American and the British decision to attacked Iraq and engaged into war is legitimate. In the inquiry of people in the website of Noam Chompsky one question goes like this: "Do you think that, after the unjustified and unjustifiable war against Iraq, the world will lose the meaning of its existence, like in the field of language, when we lose the grammatical rules Will we automatically lose the reference of the meaning of sentences, and consequently the meaning of the world around us" Noam answer this question by citing one statement done by a follower of the Iraq war, Michael Glennon, who argues that we should recognize that international law and international institutions are what he calls hot air. They have proven their inapplicability by the fact that the United States disregards them, and he says it is right to disregard them, and the United States must maintain the right to use force as it chooses, independent of these institutions, which we simply have to dismiss and disregard. The act of Americans and British against Iraq has gain criticism throughout the world. But the said act is legitimate. The legality of attacking someone is not being followed especially during the time of war or the need to have a war. In the case of the American President he needs to make decisions depending on the

PESTLE Analysis for Dialog Axiata

PESTLE Analysis for Dialog Axiata Dialog Telekom PLC (The Company) operates Sri Lankas largest and fastest growing telecommunication network Dialog GSM. Dialog Telekom is one of the largest companies listed under the Colombo Stock Exchange. It is a subsidiary of the Axiata Group Berhad. Due to Dialog the Sri Lankan mobile industry has achieved new heights and has come at par with the developed world. The telecom company operates 2G, 3G and 3.5G mobile services, supporting the current trends in mobile internet and multimedia services, as well as international roaming. Dialog Telekom accounts for more than 50% of Sri Lankan mobile phone subscribers. Along with the mobile telecommunication business Dialog Telekom operates a wide portfolio of international telecommunication services including retail and wholesale international voice and data services. Dialog Broadband Networks Pvt. Ltd. (DBN) is an owned subsidiary of the Company, and is an important player in Sri Lankas ICT infrastructure sector. DBN was also the first service provider in Sri Lanka to introduce high-speed broadband internet services based on Wi MAX technology. Dialog Television Pvt. Ltd. (Dialog TV) is another subsidiary of Dialog Telekom PLC. It operates Dialog Satellite TV, a Direct-to-Home (DTH) Satellite TV service. Dialog TV supports a wide range of international and local television channels. Regarding the structure of the company, Dialog Telekom Ltd. has got a Hybrid structure which is a combination of Matrix structure as well as Modular structure. As in each Strategic Business Unit (SBU) works independently and every function of each SBU has communication linkages with one another. Top down as well as bottom up communication is available and it uses worldwide resources and technologies. MICRO ANALYSIS THROUGH SWOT Analysis (S)trengths Dialog has the first mover advantage of GSM technology in Sri Lanka. Due to its strong infrastructure it has got one of the best and far reaching mobile telecommunication coverage. Relationship with a telecommunication tycoon in the same region; Telekom Malaysia Group. Extension in collaborations maintaining good relations with other Telecom companies has enabled Dialog to have a global approach with services such as and Satellite Coverage high roaming. Dialog Telekom has got a very aggressive marketing strategy which enables it to have a good and stable Brand Equity. Companys financial analysis proved excellent stability in financial statements regarding investments. Strong Public Relationship that has been built up over the years. Expanded CSR initiatives increased the social value of the firm. High quality technical innovations has made dialog market leader in Sri Lanka. Constant rise in the share prices has gained the confidence of the investors leading to value increment. Strong distribution network spread throughout the entire island.. Well managed customer care support techniques has increase the level of customer satisfaction. Wide variety of products. Management Team is efficient and hard-working. High level of corporate business knowledge retention through low employee turnover (W)eaknesses Though the investment on advertising and value addition through technical innovation is high, there is no clear aim and idea of a broader market Poor performance as on ISP. Compared to its competitors Dialog lags behind in innovations related to pricing strategies. The head office in Colombo is of a distributed nature due to non-expandability of the current location. The level of motivation of internal employees is decreasing. Due to the rapidly growing customer base the trends in Quality of Service are going down by the day. In the front-office employee turn-over is high. (O)pportunities Telecom is one of the fastest growing sectors in Sri Lankas 19.5million people As per estimations 4.5million users would have mobile phones by the end of 2006 The communication industry is growing rapidly. Fixed line penetration is low. The approval and acceptability of the Value Added Services (VAS) by the users has increased the probability and success of any new VAS initiative. The strategic partnership of Dialog Telekom with Vodafone UK. Dialog has got the potential to gain benefits of Value Chain Convergence. Technology advancements especially in mobile multimedia technologies and the advent and use of the next 3G mobile communications. (T)hreats Strongest Competitor of Dialog, the Mobile wing of fixed line telecom giant SLT is focused on cost-cutting strategy through its low cost pre-paid products in the market. Rapid changes in the political, social and economic conditions as well as the laws and regulations. Changes in currency exchange rates and high inflation which is inversely affecting the global business. Rapid change in customer preferences and their growing needs due to high level of customer awareness. Constant changes in technology. Dialog had to switch off all base station in northern-province during the last few months due to military operations by the Sri Lankan Govt. forces. Thus there is an uncertainty due to the growing counter terrorist campaigns. PESTEL Analysis (P)olitical Sri Lanka has very positive foreign investment policies. However though Sri Lanka identified importance of liberalization early as in 1977, due to political interventions bureaucratic attitudes inherited from colonial reign and poor governance, the country as a whole and specifically the industry has not grown as it was foreseen at the time of liberalization. During the past two decades, terrorist activities have remained constant as well. (E)conomical Unstable macro-economic environment and trade policy regime has a negative impact on the industry. The fall of the exchange rate over the years happened on a gradual pace. Since the inception of liberalization policy it has undergone massive reforms in this sector. However Sri Lanka lags dynamics incorporated by India to attract foreign direct investments. The attitude towards foreign direct investments needs to be improved. (S)ocio-Cultural Sri Lanka has better social conditions for example literacy rate is high, infant mortality rate is low and life expectancy is long. The country also has an educated and trainable work force. Nevertheless Sri Lankans inherit a bureaucratic attitude from the colonial administration that results in inefficiencies and discrimination. (T)echnological Sri Lanka depends on technology transfers from foreign direct investments. However TRCSL encourages local research and development. The country comparatively has not performed well enough to adapt technological changes on a timely manner. For example the shift from analogue to digital and the adoption of CDMA technology materialized in a slow pace. (E)cological (L)egal TRCSL the regulatory body takes up multidimensional roles. It ensures fair enforcement of Govt. policy, hold operators accountable for performance, address consumer issues, monitor changing industry needs and provide feedback to the policy making units. However TRCSL has been criticized over the years for information asymmetry, inefficiency and discrimination. Porters Five Forces 1. Threat of New Entrants Indias Bharti AIRTEL has got the fifth mobile operator license in Sri Lanka As per TRCSL, no more licenses would be awarded Thus it creates an entry barrier for all others to the market 2. Bargaining Power of Customers Consumer protection groups are almost non-existing As compared to the west, consumers are not that strong in their demands Quality standards and supports are comparatively not major concern if they exist at a basic level Low switching costs Customers are highly cost conscious 3. Threat from Substitutes Almost negligible Alternatives are fixed line and the more recent CDMA connectivity This is a much smaller market as compared to the huge total market 4. Bargaining Power of Suppliers Local and International suppliers for Dialog Depends on SLT, MTT and a few other VSAT operators to access the national backbone Thus these particular suppliers are extremely powerful Acquisition of MTT and the creation of the new subsidiary known as Dialog Broadband Network 5. Rivalry Among Competing Firms Very high competition with constant pricing wars Dialog certainly has an edge because of their Value Added Services and differentiation strategy and the huge customer base Value Added Services are becoming very popular among the consumers Strategic Groups Adopted by the Company Dialog strategies are visible in the companys corporate, business and functional levels. They have already diversified their business across many areas during the last few years. For instance, by acquiring MTT, Dialog managed to strengthen its transmission backbone. Also recent past it has acquired CBNSAT, a satellite TV transmission company, and DERANA TV Channel with a long term objective of a value chain convergence. In addition to reach the customer, Dialog has created many alliances with other business corporations. Cargills-Dialog alliance to allow Cargills customers to settle Dialog bills is just one such example. The business plan is formulated at the beginning of the year considering main objectives of the company. The progress of each project is monitored in a monthly basis through different strategic committee meetings. On the other hand, Dialog tries to introduce latest technologies into the market considering global mega trends through its comprehensive Research and Development wing. Among them, the Dialogs initiative to setup the Dialog Research Lab at the University of Moratuwa is of importance because it effectively enabled Dialog to provide tailor made solutions to the local market. Nokia phones with Sinhala language support and Tsunami warning system for mobiles are just to name a few such examples. These technology initiatives can be considered as a strategy used to capture the market by effectively staying ahead from the competition in the technology and innovation sphere. Structure The Companys business and operations are managed under the supervision of the Board of Directors comprising of 5 non-executive directors and 1 executive director. The Board has the power to appoint executive directors including the CEO. Divisional structure can be identified in company level but performances of the divisions are measured through different strategic committees. Systems Apart from the technical backbone, Dialog uses several systems to execute their business strategies successfully. For example- SAP ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) This was launched in 2006 January to integrate identified key process in the company. CCBS (Customer Care Billing System) Currently existing billing system is going to be migrated into a new system to provide more customer centric services. HRIS Used for Human Resource Management and all the day to day functions are carried out through this system. Style The management style always depends on targets and objectives. Strict deadlines are imposed while performance and progress are very closely monitored at all levels of the organizational structure. Rewards and benefit schemes are in line for the top performers and better achievements. All the employees will have a number of recreational opportunities such as trips, get-together, sports etc. to take some time off from busy work schedules. Staff The Company currently employs a workforce of 2500 who in turn are considered pivotal to the organizations growth and success. Annual manpower planning and recruitment is carried out in parallel with the business plan preparation. The capabilities required by potential employees are based on the requirements of the business plans applicable to respective departments of the company in any given year. Recruitment to the Company is governed by several policies. The core policy on filling vacancies spells out the Companys intention to attract the best with the aim of exploiting the individuals potential while providing career development opportunities irrespective of communal or gender differences. 7% of the total HR cost is devoted to training and development. The training needs for individuals and teams are identified from the competency requirements arising from the Companys business plan and employees annual performance review. Subordinate Goals All individuals with different backgrounds, different ethnics and nations are teamed up and driven towards a common set of goals and objectives at Dialog Telekom. The company has been successful in focusing the entire team towards a single vision by incorporating all individuals goals and personal objective together. Skills Dialog team consists of number of individuals with distinctive capabilities and competencies from top to bottom. Dialog is proud to have a very energetic and talented CEO in the caliber of Dr. Hans Wijesuriya. In addition to that Dialog is served by a team of top class individual in the Sri Lankan industry with lot of talent and exposures. Different Strategies Adopted by Dialog Telekom Corporate Strategy Considering the current performance, the key success factors and the SWOT analysis the directional strategy alternatives would be the following Growth strategy to expand the activities of Dialog Telekom further would be the first alternative. Since the current product lines have real growth potencial concentration of resources on those would be ideal. In concentration Dialog Telekom can follow the vertical growth strategy to take the benefit of the value chain convergence opportunity that is existing in Sri Lankan context. Stability strategy to continue with current activities without any changes to the direction would be the second alternative. Here Dialog Telekom can utilize pause/proceed with caution strategy to have only incremental improvements while the weaknesses stated are overcome. It can use this time to stabilize the organization due to the changes took place due to multiple strategies it adopted earlier such as acquisitions and investing on innovative developments, which will help to get back the loosing internal employee motivation. The first alternative will move Dialog Telekom further away from the competition and create a monopoly temporarily for converged industries of telecommunication, content, media and retail. However unfocused highspeed growth to capture the market without stabilizing the existing acquisitions can disassemble everything. The second alternative will give Dialog Telekom and its employees much needed breathing space. The recommendation would be to implement the second alternative initially to stabilize the organization without any other drastic change in the direction. And after some time they can adopt their long term beneficial value chain convergence option depicted in first alternative. Business Strategy The business strategy alternatives available for Dialog Telekom to improve the competitive position in the industries it operates would be The first alternative for the competitive strategy would be to improve on the current strategy of differentiation. It can improve this by having unique Value Added Services for each of its current strategic business units DBN, CBNSAT and Dialog Telekom itself. This can improve the customer loyalty and thereby can charge a reasonable premium rate than competitors. Second alternative which Dialog Telekom can try to implement is cost leadership to overcome the threat of lower rates provided by competitors, Mobitel. Since the VAS are less in Mobitel the switching from Dialog to Mobitel is not much in urban people who use these VASes. But people who are using purely as a voice/sms only are shifting as most of them are cost conscious and there is not much of a difference in coverage. Hence if Mobitel improves on its VASes it would become a serious threat at a stage at which only the rates would decide the attraction of that segment of the market. Typically the differentiation strategy is more likely to generate higher profits than low cost strategy. However differentiation strategy implementation may involve higher investment than low cost strategy. Competitive scope is an important factor when considering competitive strategies. The recommended alternative depends on the competitive scope in this situation. Considering both alternatives and the pros and cons of each most ideal would be to have culmination of both differing from the segment of the market. Dialog Telekom should have a focused differentiation strategy in the market where people are valuing the VASes and cost focus in the market where usage is purely for voice/SMS. Simultaneously Dialog Telekom should look at strategic alliances as a corporate strategy to gain competitive advantage by working with other organizations. Currently they have stated this with some banks and some supermarket chains as mentioned earlier. However this can be vastly improved to include alliances with insurance companies, stock brokers, popular food chains etc.

Powerful Imagery and Settings in David Guterson’s Snow Falling on Cedar

Powerful Imagery and Settings in David Guterson’s Snow Falling on Cedars Snow Falling on Cedars, a novel by David Guterson, is a post World War II drama set in 1954 on the island of San Piedro in Washington State. The story’s focal point is the murder trial of Kabuo Miyamoto, who is accused of killing a fellow islander, Carl Heine, Jr., supposedly because of an old family feud over land. Although the trial is the main focus of the story, Guterson takes the reader back in time through flashbacks to tell a story of forbidden love involving two young islanders, Ishmael Chambers and Hatsue Imada (Kabuo’s future wife). At the time of their romance, interracial relationships were considered strictly taboo because of racial bias. It is through both this love story and Guterson’s remarkable use of setting and imagery that the reader is informed as to why racial prejudice is so high on the island of San Piedro at the time of the trial and why Kabuo is not merely on trial for Carl’s murder, but also for the color of his skin. While Snow Falling on Cedars has a well-rounded cast of characters, demands strong emotional reactions, and radiates the importance of racial equality and fairness, it is not these elements alone that make this tale stand far out from other similar stories. It is through Guterson’s powerful and detailed imagery and settings that this story really comes to life. The words, the way he uses them to create amazing scenes and scenarios in this story, makes visualizing them an effortless and enjoyable task. Streets are given names and surroundings, buildings are given color and history, fields and trees are given height and depth, objects are given textures and smells, and even the weather is given a purpose in the... ...ght out of the book and construct in front of the readers eyes, rather than form in the back of their minds. To sum up the overall experience that Snow Falling on Cedars delivers through imagery and setting would be to say that it is like a pop-up book for adults, without the need for the pop-up feature. Racial tension is not something that can be imagined or understood without some sort of emotional history or background attached to it. Emotions like hatred or others, such as desire, that the characters feel for one another, would feel shallow and empty without the descriptions that make them seem real and understandable. All these elements need to be present in order for the story to carry itself and the reader through to the end. Snow Falling on Cedars does that and more. Work Cited Guterson, David. Snow Falling on Cedars. New York: Vintage Books, 1995.

Life in College Essay

College has changed my life in many ways. Even though I spent only six months in college, I feel it has helped me a lot with my education and social life. Students who enter college usually collide with many problems, and some may think it is just like high school. From my perspective, college life is a life of freedom because it gives a feeling of being an adult, and also at the same time helping out with necessary needs. Life in college meant a new life for me. When I entered my college for the first day, I looked around with a mixed feeling of perplexity, joy, and a little bit of fear. I was puzzled as I was not habituated to college life. After checking around and looking for my class, I saw other students in batches were moving up and down the corridors for their classes; professors were coming smilingly and exchanging greetings with the students in a friendly manner which helped me to calm down and gave me the confidence to move on without being too nervous. Social life in college is different from high school. Most people do not socialize that much because they are there to get their credits and leave. They just want to finish their courses as fast as they can for business purpose or other reasons (this happens mainly in community college. ) For this reason, college has created many club activities, study groups, library, and other open areas to meet friends or work together, which definitely gives the chance to socialize. Another important thing college has taught me is managing time. I have come to understand how time is precious and how it can improve our lifestyle in so many levels. Balancing time is really important to do well both in college and in other activities like, Jobs, clubs, and spending time with family. After spending some time in classes, I came to realize how fun and easy it can be if a student spends a little bit of his/her time in class activities. College is a wonderful place and one can make it happen by his/her will.

The Factors That Influence Communication Essays

The Factors That Influence Communication Essays The Factors That Influence Communication Paper The Factors That Influence Communication Paper The factors that influence communication as a process range from those that are induced through individuality, by the society, cultures, ethics and others that work together. For instance, an individuals surrounding and those they relate with shapes their way of communication. A great example suffices in the manner of a lady who is seeking to further her education in a tertiary institution, say Betty. Her parent, a businessperson, experiences life from a different environment, hence is likely to miss out on Bettys experience. This greatly influences how they communicate with each other. Secondly, the society sets standards by which most people operate. These are like guidelines that shape how people communicate with each other. A person from a community like the minorities more often than not has a set of beliefs that keep them communicating in a certain way. As such, cultural factors set a context within which people in the said culture communicate. For instance, it is expected that the communities with the father as the head of the family eave a more conservative way of communicating, while more liberal communities accept independent views (Mayans et. Al. , 2012). In conclusion, the cultures as influenced by a society, individuality, ethical amongst many other factors usually influence how people communicate. While individual factors like personality shape how one communicates, societal expectations may also serve to model how they do so. In spite of all this, the most universal factor among them all is ethics since it applies to a eider range of communities without consideration of the less influencing factors. For instance, at school, it is expected that all students communicate in a certain way without much influence from their communities and even families.

The Impact of the Vietnam War on the People of America essays

The Impact of the Vietnam War on the People of America essays The Impact of the Vietnam War on the People of America The Vietnam War was one of the most tragic wars in American history. The affects it had on the American people were tremendous. Even today many Americans have the frightening, unforgettable memories of the war. The war was accounted to be over in 1973, but Americans still suffer the aftershocks of a national trauma that has left the nation bitterly divided and estranged from its ideals. The painful memories will be eased, but they will never be fully healed. Many Americans look at the Vietnam War as the most hated conflict in United States history. It was also the first war America has not won. Many Americans started to lose faith in their country. Many refugees came to America in hopes to start a much better life here, but were disliked by many because they made it more difficult for the many unemployed citizens of America. Many families in America felt much sorrow as they learn of resent events in Vietnam, like the battle of Laos, and the loss of there loved ones. Many veterans returned from Vietnam and received a cold welcome from millions of Americans that felt a deep hatred for the war and the way the fighting ended. The only warm greetings came from family and friends of the veterans. One veteran spoke for many when he said, I went to Vietnam thinking I was a good American who was doing my duty for my country. I come back and ended up feeling like a criminal. It alienated many returning veterans from their fellow citizens and made them wonder if they would ever again fit into the mainstream of their nations life. They also wondered if they would ever win a place for themselves in the United States. One reason for these feelings toward the veteran is that the veterans did not return at the end of the war, but throughout the course of the war after serving a tour of duty. They did not return with their units, but instead ...

Post traumatic stress disorder Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Post traumatic stress disorder - Essay Example These situations may scar a person’s psyche to the degree that they are unable to function in the same manner in society, or that the person has recurring flashbacks of the event. It is a common pattern in abuse for victims to subconsciously re-create situations that model the initial trauma as a type of behavior seeking resolution or vital processing that will allow the individual to move on. Yet, in many instances, the symptoms of people who have suffered through these events linger and never subside, with symptoms growing worse over time. In analyzing these cases, psychologists have established Post-Traumatic Stress Syndrome as an identifiable mental illness operating on a pattern of symptoms, though there has been less success at identifying a treatment or a cure for individuals suffering from this problem. The DSM-IV lists the following symptoms as characteristic of PTSD: â€Å"A. The person has been exposed to a traumatic event in which both of the following were presen t: (1) The person experienced witnessed, or was confronted with an event or events that involved actual or threatened death or serious injury, or a threat to the physical integrity of others (2) The person's response involved intense fear, helplessness, or horror. B. The traumatic event is persistently re-experienced in one (or more) of the following ways: (1) Recurrent and distressing recollections of the event, including images, thoughts, or perceptions. (2) Recurrent distressing dreams of the event (3) Acting or feeling if the traumatic event were recurring (includes a sense of reliving the experience, illusions, hallucinations, and dissociative flashback episodes, including those that occur on awakening or when intoxicated). (4) Intense psychological distress at exposure to internal or external cues that symbolize or resemble an aspect of the traumatic event. (5) Physiological reactivity on exposure to internal or external cues that symbolize or resemble an aspect of the traumat ic event.† (American Psychiatric Association, 1994) Along with these symptoms, there may also be signs such as â€Å"efforts to avoid thoughts, feelings, or conversations associated with the trauma, efforts to avoid activities, places, or people that arouse recollections of the trauma, or inability to recall an important aspect of the trauma† as part of the effects of the condition. (American Psychiatric Association, 1994) PTSD sufferers may also feel apathetic, detached, estranged, or alienated from society and display some of the restricted range of emotion seen in schizophrenia and autism, though generally to a lesser degree. There may also be feelings of helplessness and an abandonment of social goals related to career or family life. The PTSD patient may be suicidal, confused, disoriented, and in various degrees of psychosis related to the hallucinations and flashbacks related to the disease. The patient may be aggressive, paranoid, and prone to insomnia and substa nce abuse as further issues related to the trauma. There may be additionally a general nervousness and high stress or tension level experienced by the patient in association with the disease. (American Psychiatric Association, 1994) Anger management and counseling are typically tried in combination with drugs typically used to treat depression or bipolar illnesses, such as Xanax or Prozac, in an attempt to treat the symptoms

Review of research article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Review of research article - Essay Example The article that will be evaluated is Goal Setting Effects in Elite and Nonelite Boxers by M. O’Brien, S. Mellalieu and S. Hanton and published in the Journal of Applied Sports Psychology. In a brief overview, the article Goal Setting Effects in Elite and Nonelite Boxers by O’Brien et al (2009) deals with the question how goal-setting affect or influence elite and nonelite athletes in combat sports like boxing. Addressing this particular question, it has utilised the goal-setting model as developed by Burton et al (2001). It is now in this context that a more in depth look at the article will be carried out. There are three purposes that underlie the research. These are: the primary purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a goal-setting intervention program upon elite and nonelite boxers selected components of performance behaviors and their indirect psychological responses (O’Brien, 2009). It further holds that it aims to use the contemporary goal –setting model as developed by Burton et al (2001) and that it will extend the application of the said model to multiple baseline with focus on self-generated components of both the elite and nonelite boxers’ targeted and nontargeted performance behaviours over the duration of a competitive season; and (b) boxers indirect psychological responses to the goal program in the form of competitive anxiety and self confidence(O’Brien,2009). The second objective is to identify the underlying mechanisms of goal programs using qualitative analysis and the examination of the retention and outcome effects of the pr ogram. This goal is significant since according to the authors no research prior to this one has been done to look into the effects of goal setting to one-on-one combat sports like boxing (O’Brien, 2009). The third aim is to affirm a previous study that â€Å"elite boxers would experience greater improvements in performance behaviours as compared to the

Auditing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 4

Auditing - Essay Example Audit risk refers to anything that will prevent ABC Chartered Accountants from giving a correct and an appropriate audit report about Zebra. Inherent risk involves the risk that the operations of Zebra within the period had issues that could lead to material misstatements or errors (Collier and Agyei-Ampomah, 2010). This will include the risks that staff members and managers in Zebra can conduct certain fraudulent or wrong activities in course of the operation of the company. The obvious inherent risk involves the pressures and changes that occurred in the period. The obvious increase in the credit period which gives external entities access to funds meant for Zebra and this causes an extended lock up of capital which could lead to the significant defaults and losses to the company. There is also the risk of staff members overstating their earnings and their sales in order to gain the commissions that have been offered. Finally, the pressure to join the Australian Stock Market provides the risk for Zebra staff members to overstate the asset position in order to attain a favourable view before various investors and the Au stralian public. Control risks involve the possibility that the controls put in place by Zebras management and directors will be overridden in a way that could lead to fraud or errors in the financial statements (Pickett, 2010). This involve the risks of the EFTOS system being abused by some parties in the company to lead to fraud and error. Secondly, the risk of people overstating their sales and indulging in unethical practices plays a significant role in overriding the systems. Additionally, the management of Zebra could override the systems if they all indulge in groupthink and they all second the need to get listed to expand the firm. This could lead to major problems and issues that can involve the complete disregard for internal controls. Detection risks is the possibility of ABCs

Literary Theme Essay Essay Example for Free

Literary Theme Essay Essay The Privilege of Freedom â€Å"Only the educated are free.† Said by Epicetus, this simple quote demonstrates the importance of education. A solid education will provide for an excellent future and give one freedom: freedom to take on a career, to jump at opportunities, and to make choices. There is no saying where the future might take an educated man. Dangarembga uses highly educated and successful characters to illustrate the privilege of education and the power, control, and freedom that it provides. Dangarembga shows that education can change a life for the better by presenting the main character, Tambu, with the privilege of attending an outstanding school. When Tambu is given the opportunity to live with her uncle and go to the mission school, she is thrilled to become educated. Before her brother died, â€Å"the needs and sensibilities of the women in† her â€Å"family were not considered a priority,† and school was not an option for her (Dangarembga 12). Education has provided Tambu with the privilege to escape her old life on the homestead and â€Å"take another step upwards in the direction of† her â€Å"freedom† (Dangarembga 186). Also, education has given Tambu the power to use her education to control the rest of her life. â€Å"By the time she has finished Form Four,† she â€Å"will be able to take† her â€Å"course, whatever it is that† she chooses (Dangarembga 183). â€Å"In time,† she â€Å"will be earning money,† which will then lead to a career and onto the rest of her life (Dangarembga 183). The wealth that Tambu will earn when she is successful will provide for her and her entire family. Education builds the foundation of Tambu’s future, and â€Å"the prospect of this freedom† is unlimited (Dangarembga 186). The character, Babamakuru, is used by Dangarmebga to demonstrate that one educated relative effects an entire family. Education is â€Å"not just an individual blessing† but one that extends to all members of a â€Å"less fortunate family† (Dangarembga 89). For example, Dangarembga shows that one educated man can support the whole family. Babamakuru, â€Å"who had obtained a Bachelor’s Degree in South Africa,† is extremely generous and provides resources and opportunities for his entire family (Dangarembga 13). Whenever Babamakuru goes to visit the homestead, he comes bearing food, gifts, and supplies for the family to thrive off of. Also, Babamakuru is responsible for Tambu’s education and her coming to the mission school. To Tambu’s family, â€Å"Babamakuru was God†, â€Å"big brother to all†, and â€Å"his divinity† filled them â€Å"with awe† (Dangarembga 70, 36, 88). â€Å"As an early educated African,† Babamakuru has â€Å"found himself in positions that enable him to organize his immediate world and its contents as he wished† (Dangarembga 88). His great power has insulated him â€Å"from the necessity of considering alternatives unless they were his own† (Dangarembga 88). Education has given him opportunities that have led to great power and control over others; nobody â€Å"dares to challenge his authority† ((Dangarembga 117). Without a well-educated, successful man like Babamakuru, Tambu’s family would not be as the same. Throughout Nervous Conditions ¸ Dangarembga exemplifies the key role that education plays in becoming wealthy and successful. The basis of a good future begins with education. Such a privilege can lead to so many new things, and when one is educated, the possibilities are endless. Works Cited Dangarembga, Tsitsi. Nervous Conditions. New York: Seal, 1989.

Mutual Trust in Employment Contracts

Mutual Trust in Employment Contracts Introduction In all the employment contracts a term mutual trust and confidence which is also known as the duty to act reasonably and fairly is implied or not is the question for over the past years. As per the labor regulations in Australia, different range of sources provides different rights and responsibilities of employers and employees, which also creates a huge different level of complications while going through these sources. These terms will generally be implied in an employment contract in Australia that has been widely acknowledged, but at the same time the debate on awarding the damages for a breach of these terms in some of the Australian courts will be challenging as well. Contract Contract is a legal document that states and explains a formal agreement between two different people or groups, or the agreement itself.[1] There are two kinds of contract and they are Express and Implied contract. Express contract is a type of contract which parties state the terms either orally or in writing at the time of its formation. On the other hand implied contract is a contract where terms and condition are not expressly defined at the time of its formation.[2] Employment Contract Employment contract is a category of contract, which used in employment. It is a relation between both parties on the one and stands an employee who is employed by an employer. It contains all terms and condition regarding employment.[3] Mutual Trust and Confidence in Good Faith Analyzing the concepts is very much necessary when it comes to â€Å"breach of mutual trust and confidence† and â€Å"the duty of mutual trust and confidence†. There is a lot of difference between the duty of good faith and the mutual trust and confidence. One talks about the implied duty that will relate to the terms of the contract and the relationship and whereas other talks about the incident of the employment relationship (right to Control). [4] When it comes to incident of the employment relationship, there comes a question whether the relationship of trust and confidence exists or not. Which totally depends on the nature of the employment. So there is a doubt that it has existed and continues to exist, a necessary relationship of trust and confidence between employer and employee. In an employment relationship the subsistence of mutual trust and confidence is very much essential to it. Because the employer cannot accept disloyalty of an employee who has undermine the employer’s business interest.[5] So the employee should not remain with the employer in employment because the employee has destroyed the trust and confidence in the working relationship. Employee’s destruction of trust can be evidenced by different types of conduct and which also depends on the circumstances of the employment. Some of the examples of different types of conduct, which may destroy the trust and confidence, are: demotion;[6] unwarranted carping criticism;[7] withdrawal of employment benefits.[8] It was first originated from the series of cases in the United Kingdom, in which employees totally blame employers for termination of their employment; despite this employers did not expressly dismiss these employees.[9] If any employee can make out that the employer’s conduct was so destructive of mutual trust and confidence, which properly ties up the parties to an employment relationship, than the employee treats employer’s conduct as constructive dismissal. In terms of contract law, employer’s conduct is treated as a repudiation of the employment contract by the employee as they are permitted to do so and elects to terminate the contract and claim damages for wrongful dismissal. On this basis in many of the cases, employee was seeking to claim statutory compensation for termination under the Employment Rights Act 1996 (UK) c 18.[10] Into the English employment law, duty was cemented by the decisions of House of Lords for example in Malik v Bank of credit and Commerce International SA (‘Malik’).[11] This was actually the test case for determining whether the breach of the duty is not to destroy mutual trust and confidence that could sound in damages. So it was held that mutual trust could sound in damages during employment as a consequence of the employer’s breach, that is why following this decision, not to destroy the mutual trust has been engaged to address a wide variety of claims. For example, in Clark v Nomura International Plc[12] and Clark v BET plc[13] So in the development of this duty in English law, which actually came from the decisions of a majority of the House of Lords that breach the common law duty of mutual trust, good faith and fair dealing would not sound damages until the damages flow from only the termination of the employment relationship. So to overreach the limitations already determined by statute,[14] the House of Lords held the common law not to be developed. Since in the United Kingdom the legislation has already imposed a cap on damages for termination of the employment, and also exercising the common law jurisdiction should not award damages that exceed the statutory limits for termination. To compensate for any losses incurred by the employee, damages might be awarded as a consequence of breach of employment contract during employment, but also not for any loss surffered as a consequence of loosing the job.[15] English scientific study of law has allowed damages for breach of the obligation that is not to destroy the trust and confidence, but even not when the damage flowed from the fact or manner of dismissal. Most importantly, in the English Law ‘the giving of the lawful notice cannot itself constitute a breach of the implied term.’[16] When it comes to Australian case law it has generally assumed that duty has been existed not to act in a manner or likely to destroy the mutual trust and confidence when it comes to employment relationship,[17] though no appellate court decision has depended upon such a findings.[18] Both parties to an employment relationship bear the duty not to destroy the mutual trust and confidence has assumed by the Australian courts in more recent times. When it comes to the English law, destruction of mutual trust signifies to the situation in which employees refuses to do something that are legally required to do as per employment contract and than identifies who is to be blamed if termination of the contract ensues. But whereas in Australian law, destruction of mutual trust and confidence has not been found to sound any damages on its own. In Australian case law it distinguishes between the employment relationship and employment contract.[19] The employment relationship is nothing but the actual dealing between employer and employee regulated by different types of law that includes common law of contract and also statutes that impose the mandatory obligations on the parties.[20] Whereas in terms of employment contract it is not automatically terminated when there is dest ruction of relationship of trust, but by electing innocent party.[21] In such circumstances the employees who gets terminated are entitled to be paid any remuneration or some other benefits according to his or her loss of account of premature termination of the employment contract.[22] This also means the payment of remuneration and other benefits that would have been received during a proper notice period. More importantly, the obligation not to destroy the mutual trust does not constrain an employer to take the decision to terminate the employment. So as long as the employer brings together the terms of the contract, and without prior notice and explaining how it should be done the employer is not at all liable for breaching the employment contract simply by deciding to terminate the employee.[23] Australian law has not gone so far unlike the English law, where the obligation is not to destroy mutual trust and confidence with a general duty of good faith and fair dealing in the employment contracts, in which breach might sound in damages. In some of the Australian cases there are few suggestions that on one hand there is two obligations of mutual trust and confidence, and on other hand the good faith, are having nearly the same meaning and these statements tend to be made by the courts who have found to decide upon the matter without any obligations.[24] According to Russell (Appeal) in 2008 â€Å"Although there were said to be two implied terms, it is probably sufficient to identify them as a single obligation.† [25] They derive from the same source, as siblings, that show the existence of a relationship of employment but again to understand it in the better way make it the separate concepts of each of them and with different functions. It is just a matter of choosing a vocabulary to assist in the clear articulation of separate concepts. The terminology of ‘mutual trust and confidence’ is very useful to describe in a particular characteristic of an employment contract that distinguishes it from a contract of sale or other contractual arrangement. Also ‘good faith’ is described as governing principle that is best engaged in interpretation and construction of relational contracts such as employment. Commonwealth v Barker It was in the year 2009 where the Commonwealth Bank of Australia took a step forward to change its Corporate and Financial Services business unit, due to which Mr. Barker’s position in the Bank was removed. As per the policy of the company, if they don’t require any position of the employee they will need to place that concern employee to the other part of the department or other position in the company. But in the case of Mr. Barker the Commonwealth Bank did not imply this policy. On 2 March 2009 Mr. Barker was send a letter to inform him about the redundant of his position but the Bank would like to send him to other area of the Bank. Later there was a meeting where Mr. Barker was told to clear out his desk, give away the keys and mobile phone and not to come to work. The Bank also stops Mr. Barker’s email and intranet facilities. On 9th April 2009, Mr. Barker was sent a letter of termination due to his redundancy and there was no sign of redeploy for Mr. Barker by the Bank. Mr. Barker had given his 23 years in the Bank and his contract of employment showed that he would be terminated only if the Bank is unable to give him a different position but there was no proper word in the contract apart from potential operation of an implied term of mutual trust and confidence. Mr. Barker’s file the case to the trial judge against the Commonwealth Bank and that included the failure of the Commonwealth Bank to give him the employment in some other department of the Bank.[26] What the Bank did to Mr. Barker was not according to the term of the contract of employment. As per the contract there should be mutual trust and confidence between employer and employee but that didn’t work at his time his employment. The policy of the company for redeployment was not utilized at his case of redundant of his position. Mr. Barker was entitled $300,000 from the bank for not following the company’s policy of redeployment. The case was then requested to the Federal Court as the Bank felt the Trial judge has made mistake in giving justice without any proper evidence. The courts refused to accept the appeal as Mr. Barker was more favorable and for this reason Jacobson and Lander JJ were appointed to go through the case in detail under Australian Law. [27] They came to the conclusion on the following grounds: In the court of England the policy support the implied term with the contemporary employment relationship.[28] The employment relationship should take part necessary of common interest and partnership fairly than a serious disagreement or argument.[29] These typical parts called for the result of an action or a decision by law of an obligation, for which employment relationship need to be in its original state.[30] According to the majority, the implied term only work in a particular way in respect of conduct and form a unit by it from the manner of termination of the contract of employment that is, it does not apply at the point of dismissing someone from their job or to steps inextricably linked with dismissal.[31] It was easy to see or understand from their reasons for decision that Jacobson and Lander JJ held that the implication of the implied term by law was necessary For Jacobson and Lander JJ, the Bank’s failure to give redeployment policy was not the important factor. As they found the Bank has not implied term or made something happen: Mr. Barker was a senior employee and worked for more than 23 years. The Common wealth bank was a large corporate organization and The contract (clause 8) contains that the employment may be terminated if the Bank were unable to place the employee in other position.[32] In these conditions of the facts, Jacobson and Lander JJ held that the implied term required the Bank to take positive steps from 2nd March 2009 to advice Mr. Barker about the possibility of redeployment and to give him the option to apply for alternative position within the Bank. [33] Jacobson and Lander JJ confirmed that Mr. Barker has been gone through hurt and distress and even loss of reputations that can never be recovered.[34] As an alternative reason for holding the Bank was liable, Jacobson and Lander JJ found that the same circumstances triggered the operation of the implied tasks of the organization in the contract of employment.[35] This implied the state of being forced upon the need for one party to take positive steps without which the other party is unable to enjoy a right or to be in a better position because of the contract.[36] By comparing the case where an employee despite to be knowing for the benefit unless it is brought to his attention by the employer. [37] After paying great attention to details and had judgment in which he completely study the gradual development of English and Australian case law in relation with the implied term of mutual trust and confidence, Jessup J concluded that: â€Å"the question whether the implied term is part of the law of contracts of employment in Australia has never been answered in the affirmative by an Australian appellate court in the sense of being of the ratio decided.†[38] His Honor went onto hold that the implied term of mutual trust and confidence was not needed for the pleasure of the rights conferred by the contract of employment.[39] Jessup J described the implied term as having â€Å"the potential to act as a Trojan horse in the sense of revealing only after the event the specific prohibitions which it imports into the contract.†[40] His honor makes a decision that the implied term, if accepted, â€Å"would enable defined limits in the existing fabric of common law and equitable remedies to be side-stepped†; and that the implied term would â€Å"overlap a number of legislated prohibition and requirements, thus tending to compromise the democratically-drawn architecture† by closely connected with the employment obligations.[41] Jessup J further held that the fact of being express reservation in the Bank’s redeployment policy â€Å"did not †¦leave any scope for the conclusion that by merely failing to comply with the policy, the Bank breached the implied term.†[42] The largest part of the case was in favor of Mr. Barker and at least for now, that in the period of time when express terms to the contrary is away, there is an implied term of mutual trust and confidence in every Australian employment contract. The decision moved to a higher level for consideration if the employers should clearly deliberate the implied term from employment contract. To whatever degree, it won’t be too complicated as given: As far as possible giving particular attention to the implied term, and The way of dealing by the majority judges, that particular circumstance triggered the operation of the implied term. The majority decision is turned upside down by the High Court of Australia on appeal; employers now need to put the implied term of mutual trust and confidence and the implied duty of cooperation to their list for them to remember all the time. In addition to the matters such as rise in the adverse action claims in dealing with their employees. When it comes to advantages and disadvantages for employers and employees of having such an implied term in the employment contract, employees should always remain faithful and sincere to the employer’s interest. Any confidential document or information of the company should not be shared outside the workplace to its competitors and it should remain internal within the workplace.[43] Whereas employers make decisions from the policies so they have to pay extra attention to its policies and regulations. In Barkers case federal court advised the employers to conduct themselves in a way that it wont destroy their relationship of trust and confidence with employee. When it comes to common law employers have to make sure that workplace is a safe place for employees to work. Employees have a huge advantage in having the implied term mutual trust and confidence because if there is a severe breach in the employment policies which is found than through the award of damages by the court, it will not only be considered a breach of an implied term. Conclusion In my view the term mutual trust and confidence is very much important to be implied in the employment contract. Because having the term mutual trust and confidence in the contract will create a comfortable working environment and also conditions can be achieved between both employer and employee. Incase if such implied term is not reflecting in the employment contract than either the employer or the employee would be permitted to act in a way that is not necessarily in accordance with the will of the contract. And also the practice of obeying rules between employer and employee are included in the viewpoint of an implied term. [1] Cambridge Advance Learner Dictionary (3rd Editioin) [2] ibid [3] Mark Freedland, the personal employment contract 2003 Oxford University press. [4] Gillies v Downer EDI Limited [2011] NSWSC 1055 [5] Concut Pty Ltd v Worrell (2000) 176 ALR 693. [6] Russian v Woolworths (SA) Pty Ltd (1995) 64 IR 169. [7] Lewis v Motorworld Garages Ltd [1986] ICR 157. [8] Clark v Nomura International plc [2000] IRLR 766. [9] Courtaulds Northern Textiles Ltd v Andrew [1979] IRLR 84. [10] Lewis v Motorworld Garages Ltd [1986] ICR 157. [11] [1998] AC 20. [12] [2000] IRLR 766. [13] [1997] IRLR 348. [14] Johnson v Unisys Ltd [2003] 1 AC 518, 544 [56]–[58] (Lord Hoffmann). [15] Gogay v Hertfordshire County Council [2000] IRLR 703. [16] Kerry Foods Ltd v Lynch [2005] IRLR 680, 682 [16] (Clark J). [17] Sappideen et al, above n 10, 162 [5.230] and the cases cited there. [18] Aldersea v Public Transport Corporation (2001) 3 VR 499. [19] Visscher v Giudice (2009) 239 CLR 361. [20]Byrne v Australian Airlines Ltd (1995) 185 CLR 410. [21] Visscher v Giudice (2009) 239 CLR 361. [22] Thomson v Orica Australia Pty Ltd (2002) 116 IR 186. [23] Russell (Trial) (2007) 69 NSWLR 198; Rogan-Gardiner [2010] WASC 290 (22 October 2010). [24] Russell (Appeal) (2008) 72 NSWLR 559, 567 [32], [25] ibid [26]Barker v Commonwealth Bank of Australia[2012] FCA 942 (3 September 2012). [27] 2013] FCAFC 83 at para [79], [28] 2013] FCAFC 83 at paras [94]-[95], [29] [2013] FCAFC 83 at para [81], referring to the Full Court of the SA Supreme Court decision inSouth Australia v McDonald(2009) 104 SASR 344 [30] [2013] FCAFC 83 at paras [72], [107]. [31] [2013] FCAFC 83 at paras [72], [97]. [32] [2013] FCAFC 83 at paras [110]-[111]. [33] [2013] FCAFC 83 at paras [112], [117], [130]-[132]. [34] 2013] FCAFC 83 at paras [152]-[158]. [35] 2013] FCAFC 83 at paras [118]-[128]. [36] 2013] FCAFC 83 at para [122]. [37]As in the House of Lords decision inScally v Southern Health and Social Services Board[1992] 1 AC 294, discussed by the majority inBarker[2013] FCAFC 83 at paras [114]-[115], [123], [128]. [38] 2013] FCAFC 83 at para [280 [39] 2013] FCAFC 83 at paras [288]- [295], especially paras [289]-[290]. [40] 2013] FCAFC 83 at para [340]. [41] 2013] FCAFC 83 at para [340]. [42] [2013] FCAFC 83 at para [351]. [43] Ansell Rubber Co Pty Ltd v Allied Rubber Industries Pty Ltd (1967) VR 37.

Analytical Interpretation of Snow White Essay -- Snow White Analysis E

An Analytical Interpretation of â€Å"Snow-White†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Throughout the story of Snow-White, Competition is played out in numerous ways. As the famous saying goes-only the strongest survive and to the victor go the spoils. There were a few power struggles going on even under the primary plot. This is one way to describe some of the seemingly bizarre or extreme motivations that push the story to a grisly, but happy ending.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first queen apparently dies in childbirth (but do we really know this for sure?) and is replaced with a new queen in order to re-establish the king’s dominance over his kingdom. How can his empire be complete without a queen, considering the king was now a single parent as well? His life as a widower could not last in a time when meeting the status quo was so closely tied to the validity of self. He had to have a wife if he already had a child. Quite possibly, the king was influenced by outside forces to re-marry, or simply did not want to have sole responsibility of raising Snow-White and took another wife to safe face.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The battle between Snow-White and her step-mother was demonstrated to extreme ends. It was contested from both sides. The lack of action on Show-White’s part is an action in itself. Her passivity was an act of rebellion and self-preservation. I believe that Snow-White was far more manipulative than the story gives her credit for. Regardless of the initial chaos in any situation that the girl found herself in, especially th...